Invited Lecture Session 01: Normal Ranges and Standardized Protocols-Quality Control in 2D and 4D flow imaging

Quality Control in 2D and 4D flow imaging

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The talk emphasized that quality control is essential for reliable 2D and especially 4D phase-contrast MR flow imaging. Suggested validation steps include simple phantom studies with laminar flow, more complex pulsatile phantoms, CFD simulation, and in vivo comparisons with Doppler ultrasound or other modalities. Key technical issues are SNR, VENC selection, flow profile symmetry, and measurement-plane placement, especially in curved, stenotic, or vortical flow regions. 4D flow allows retrospective plane selection and better visualization of complex hemodynamics, but has lower temporal resolution than 2D PC and may underestimate systolic flow.

Keywords

2D phase-contrast MRI

4D flow imaging

quality control

phantom validation

hemodynamics